Science is a business that is multi-dimensional, so it can be defined in many ways and not raw. However science should be seen as a basic (basic) human thinking process in carrying out various studies. For science it may be associated with the method and the research process.
Relevance of the research to science, humans evolved from efforts to find answers to questions like “What now?”; “What?”; “Why this?”; “Why so?” And later evolved into the “how does it happen? “and” how to solve it? ‘. With encouragement like to know the man has always wanted to gain knowledge about the problems that she did not know that in the end emerge new knowledge known as science (knowledgement) a systematic and organized. By using the mind and the reflective mind, people were able to solve the problem at hand.
The approach to scientific and non-scientific. Scientific approach can be studies while non-scientific approach may be common sense, prejudice, intuition, chance discovery / trial and error (trial and error) and mendapau scientific authority / critical mind. Berdasakan definition above, there is a close relationship between science and research. The experts say that it is impossible to separate science research and described as two sides of the same coin. Almack (1930) says that research and science are the result and process. Research is the process, while the result is a science. Whitney (1960) asserts that science and research is an ongoing process together. This means that science and research are the same process, while the result of the process is the truth (truth). Truth is meant is knowledge of the truth that is open to be tested by anyone who wants to test it.
With relevance / relationship may be mentioned various aspects of the role of science and research so as to mention something that is done it is a work of scholarship, such as;
1. Mencandra / Description / Specifies
This function seeks to describe or explain things that are at issue.
2. Describe / explanation
This function seeks to explain the conditions that underlie the emergence of problems or events.
3. Preparation Theory
This function is trying to formulate theories / principles / rules of the relationship between the conditions / events with each other.
4. Forecasting / Prediction
This function is trying to hold the forecasts / predictions, estimates and projections of the issues / events and the impact it will have.
5. Control / Controling
This function is trying to take measures to control the problem / perstiwa / symptoms.
II. RELEVANCE TO HIGHER EDUCATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL
Higher Education as an institution of higher education need to carry out research activities as the embodiment of the implementation of one of three responsibilities: education and university teaching, research and community service. Lecturer (faculty) as an important tool in academic activities in universities have an obligation to carry three tasks.
In keeping with the development of science and technology, then the teachers will be able maningkatkan abilities and skills through research, both social and economic-based techniques. In addition to increasing their own abilities and skills, to heighten the excitement of academic life, students also received significant attention in the research activities. Teachers share the responsibility in terms of increasing desire, attitude, and skills students in conducting research.
One of the efforts that can be taken is to try to do your own research means research conducted independently and in accordance degan research ethics both by the faculty or college or with the involvement of faculty and students. Research that can be done independently will be able to improve the quality of the faculty and university. In the framework of the effort, knowledge and skills of the faculty towards research is necessary, particularly Research Methodology. His association with increased fervor examining students is expected in all courses that are taught there is one particular course of Research Methodology. Through research, it is hoped will emerge new knowledge or breakthroughs useful for universities and development of a nation.
In addition for the purposes of increasing the knowledge, ability and skills of the researchers, one thing that is very important is the role of research to the development of a nation. That is the meaning or significance of a penelitiaan for the development of the nation. From the literature and the media, it can be seen that there was no single developed country in the world to succeed in development without the support of research activities. There is a presumption (when viewed in passing) that the research can only be done by developed countries. This assumption is because they have the funds and researchers which is sufficient but it turns out as many as 98% of the research in the world is spent on penelitiaan-research in developing countries. The amount of costs incurred for research not only be seen from the amount of money and energy that is used but the most important are the benefits of such research for the development of developing countries.
Especially for developing countries such as Indonesia, the role of research in the history of nation-building is not in doubt. Through the studies that have been done then any existing or potential problems during the development process takes place can be known. Just a bunch of research so that the information / data can be obtained relatively complete.
Development planning should always be based on the data / information obtained through research. It is very tidaka possible to plan the construction without the use of reliable data. The results of the tests, evaluations and reviews back development activities can only be known when the research is conducted. Similarly, research plays an important role in any decision-making or steps in all aspects of development.
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